Esther Louise Sabban
New York Medical College, USA
Title: New Approaches, with Intranasal Peptide Delivery, to Reduce Impact of Traumatic Stress
Biography
Biography: Esther Louise Sabban
Abstract
Stress triggered neuropsychiatric disorders are a very serious societal problem. Effective treatments, as well as preventative measures, are urgently needed. Using the single prolonged stress (SPS) rat model of PTSD, we found that administration of neuropeptide Y (NPY) or HS014, a melanocortin receptor 4 antagonist, by intranasal infusion is a promising non-invasive approach for prophylactic treatment or early intervention to ameliorate harmful effects of traumatic stress. When NPY was delivered to the brain by single intranasal infusion shortly before, or after the traumatic stressors, it reduced many parameters of anxiety-like behavior measured on Elevated Plus Maze, as well as depressive-like behavior on Forced Swim test and hyperaraousal by Acoustic Startle Response a week or more afterwards. Intranasal NPY appears to be effective even after the symptoms are manifested. HS014 also had beneficial effects on anxiety when administered before, but not after the stressors. In contrast HS014 was more effective on depressive-like behavior when given afterwards. Intranasal NPY and HS014 attenuated development of many of the SPS triggered molecular and neuroendocrine responses to the traumatic stress. Acute responses were evaluated 30 min following SPS stressors. Long-term responses were examined 7 days or more after SPS stressors, time required for developing PTSD-related symptomology, in brain regions of mediobasal hypothalamus, hippocampus, noradrenergic cell bodies of locus coeruleus and in parts of amygdala. Reductions in stress triggered activation of hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis and central noradrenergic system were observed. Biography Esther Louise Sabban, PhD completed her PhD and postdoctoral training at New York University Medical Center. Currently, she is Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Director of Laboratory of Stress-Related Disorders at New York Medical College. She is past-president of the Catecholamine Society and Secretary/Treasurer of Endocrine and Metabolism Section of American Physiological Association. She has published over 160 peer reviewed articles, and co-authored 4 books on molecular and neuroendocrine aspects of stress. She is currently on the editorial boards of American Journal of Hypertension and of Stress and is a handling editor for the Journal of Neurochemistry