Mariyah Hussain is working in Houston Psychiatry Health Care, USA. Her research interest is focuses on Psychiatric disorders aand common among medical inpatient settings and management of psychiatric disorders can be challenging in this setting. Integrated models of care (IMCs) combining psychiatric and medical specialties within a single service may improve psychiatric and medical outcomes, although evidence for IMCs in medical inpatient settings has not been well described.

Over the past two decades, opioid medication abuse among the U.S. population has expanded to a scourge extent. While the U.S. only accommodates 4% of the world’s population, Americans consume 86% of the world’s opioids, 99% of the worldwide hydrocodone supply, and 66% of the world’s illegal drugs. Results of the 2010 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) showed that a predicted 22.6 million people aged 12 or older were current or past month illicit drug users. Nearly 7 million among these used marijuana and 5.1 million used painkillers. Only 17.3% of users of non ‐therapeutic opioids indicated that they received the drugs through a prescription from a physician. Th e widely growing use of therapeutic opioids shows hydrocodone topping all prescriptions with 136.7 million prescriptions in 2011.with all narcotic analgesics reaching more than 238 million prescriptions. Opioid analgesics are now accountable for a higher mortality rate than suicide and motor vehicle accidents. Th e majority deaths (60%) occur in patients who received prescriptions based on prescribing guidelines by medical boards, whether small or higher doses of morphine. In comparison, 40% of deaths occur in individuals abusing the drugs obtained through illegal means. Th e objective of this article is to review the available evidence concerning misuse and differentiate a legitimate user from a drug ‐seeking addict. We would also discuss various aspects of drug abuse in clinical practice, mainly dealing with these patients in Emergency and Psychiatric settings.

He is working under Dr. Reisberg as a research assistant in the psychiatry department as a junior Resident All India Institute of Medical Sciences New Delhi Area, India. And he worked as a junior resident in Neurosurgery department.

Brain injury is one of the most common forms of injuries infl icted by trauma. Th e traumatic brain injury (TBI) is most common in three age groups namely children, older adolescents and elderly. In all the age groups, the males are predominantly affected more than females. TBI is the leading cause of disability and mortality among the children. Th ere are two types of TBI, primary and secondary. Primary TBI occurs as a direct result of the trauma while secondary TBI manifests as a complication of the primary injury that resulted from trauma. Th e most common etiological factors for TBI are falls, road traffic accidents (RTAs), violent physical assaults as well as injuries associated with athletic activities. Th e presentation of TBI may range from mild TBI, in the form of concussion, to severe TBI, which may be associated with loss of consciousness for an extended period of time as well as irreversible neuronal injury. Th e irreversible neuronal injury results in permanent physical or mental disability. TBI lead to increased burden on health care due to increased emergency department visits, increased hospital admissions, and increased mortality rates. TBI also may lead to many complications. Most common short-term complications are problems with cognition, sensory processing, Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), seizures as well as cranial nerve injuries. While the long-term complications can be Alzheimer’s disease, seizures and dementia. TBI may also be associated with psychiatric disorders e.g. anxiety, depression, PTSD and aff ective disorders. Th is paper will further review the neuropsychiatric symptoms as it could serve a huge role in developing better understanding of patient experiences regarding its symptoms and presentation. Similarly, it will also provide important evidence to clinicians for development of better practices in this area.

Dr. Sushma Kosarajuis is working in Thomas Jefferson University, USA. Her research interest is on Biomarkers in Post-Traumatic Stress Disordershas She is very passionate about medical research and has a lot of publication in Pubmed and others in peer reviewed journals.

A biomarker that objectively confirms PTSD diagnosis should be applicable in clinical, forensic, and disability/compensation contexts.Disturbances in the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, sympathetic adrenomedullary system, and alterations in brain structure and function have been associated with risk for development of PTSD.Th e different types of susceptibility biomarkers that may benefit in the managementarepsychological, neuroendocrine, molecular, imaging, genetic, epigenetic,neurophysiological and neuroanatomical markers.Other than trauma, preexisting vulnerable factors like stress, psychiatric disorders and genetic predisposition can cause epigenetic modifications, aberrant methylation of immune and endocrine genes through DNA methyltransferase activity.Th is leads to reduced activity of endocrine genes and increased activity of inflammatory genes inducing perturbations in protein and hormone concentrations which in turn lead to the manifestation of PTSD. New studies that incorporate biomarkers may generate predictors in each aspect of PTSD like: 1) Pre&post-traumatic risk factors 2) Diagnosis 2) Exposure validation 4) Treatment response, 3) Treatment matching 6) Subtyping PTSD 4) Verification of recovery/remission We are representing this poster to review the literature pertinenttorole of biomarkers in PTSD. Th e systemic review of literature within the poster is not limited only to diagnostic aspects but also includes treatment, legal and ethical issues of PTSD. Th is will be a great addition to current literature and certainly help researchers and clinicians with broader aspects and dynamics of biomarkers related to PTSD.

He started working as a Medical Officer at Mental Health Center, Civil Hospital, and Ahmedabad with the Government of Gujarat. An important part of his duty is to facilitate the optimal functioning of National and State level Health Programs, especially the National Mental Health Program. He had the privilege to be a part of the campaign for eradication of Polio; He served as a monitor to oversee the implementation of the program in my city He has been volunteering for International Association for Human Values since my College years IAHV offers programs to reduce stress and develop leaders so that human values can flourish in people and communities.

Despite some success in combating cigarette smoking in the general population, there has been little effort toward decreasing the rates of cigarette smoking in people with schizophrenia and other chronic mental illnesses. In addition to the financial burden of living on a limited fixed income, these people with mental illness also contribute to the added tax burden in a society for support of their medical care for cigarette smoking related medical sequelae. These medical sequelae are identified as the major reason for the shorter life span of schizophrenic patients. Despite there being literature to support that people with chronic mental illness can tolerate quit attempts and can have moderate short term success, there is still a reluctance to treat cigarette addiction aggressively in this patient population. Caregivers in the field of mental health need to be educated to aggressively address this public health dilemma.

Dr. Soumya Sachdeva has completed her MBBS (Bachelors of Medicine and Surgery) at the age of 24 years from Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India . She is very passionate about medical research and has 5 publication in Pubmed and 2 others in peer reviewed journals. She also is the editor board of Journal of Young Medical Researchers, wikidoc.org and is also the Ambassdor for International Journal of Medical Students (IJMS).

CONTEXT: Anxiety among the medical students is a common behavioral issue which affects the lifestyle and academic performance .It includes a cognitive malfunction, perceptual symptoms and affective symptoms. The other behavioral problems which frequently affect this group is insomnia, which is a complaint of inadequate sleep. AIMS: To study the prevalence of anxiety and insomnia among the medical students in a tertiary care hospital of Delhi. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Cross sectional study. METHODS AND MATERIAL: A prestructured questionnaire based study, for a span of 1 month. The study population included the students studying in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd professionals Part I and II. Hamilton anxiety scale and Athens insomnia scale was used to collect the data. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The questionnaire included questions on socio demographic profile namely age, sex, professional year and residence. Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Athens insomnia scale was used for insomnia. Data analysis was done using SPSS ver 16. RESULTS: A total of 188 study subjects were included in the study. The overall prevalence of anxiety and insomnia was found to be 28.72% (54/188) and 30.3% (57/188) respectively. It was found that prevalence of anxiety was more in females however prevalence of insomnia was more in males. Prevalence of anxiety was found to be highest in students of 3rd professional part II which was found to be statistically significant. Prevalence of insomnia was highest in students studying in 3rd professional part II which was found to be statistically significant. It was found that the hostellers had a higher prevalence of anxiety viz 40.69 %(35/54), as compared to 18.62% (19/102) in non- hostellers and this was found to be statistically significant. Similarly insomnia in hostellers was found to be more 40.69 % ( 34/86) as compared to non-hostellers 22.5%(23/102) which was found to be statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: Anxiety and insomnia among the medical students should be recognized and attempts should be made to alleviate them.

Paul Ling has completed his Bachelor (Honor’s) degree at the age of 25 years from Australian College of Applied Psychology. He is recently working as a research assistant in the Hong Kong Polytechnic University in Hong Kong.

Physical exercise is helpful in treatment of mental disorders. Many researches have addressed what effects can exercise generate to psychological health, yet no researches have compared the efficacies of different types of exercises. Consequently, this study compared how different types of exercises, including aerobic, anaerobic and combined exercises independently affect psychological health. In this study, 184 participants were recruited to fill in a questionnaire via an online survey platform (www.qualtrics.com). Generally, participants were asked to report their exercise habit (Aerobic, anaerobic, combined and none) and their psychological health was assessed by DASS-21 and GHQ-12. The data is analyzed by SPSS 21 and ANOVA was used. Chi square analysis was also conducted to measure the relationship among characteristics of exercise including frequency, intensity and enjoyment of exercise. According to the results, no significant difference between groups was found in the scores in DASS-21. However, the three exercise groups revealed significantly better psychological health than the sedentary group in the GHQ-21 (p = .045). In addition, the relationship between intensity and enjoyment of exercise was approaching significance (p = .10). The current findings were not totally consistent to the existing literature. Limitation in the study design was discussed to explain the disparity between the recent study and the existing literature. Lastly, the main conclusion of this study was that exercise is generally beneficial in the psychological aspect; nonetheless the combined exercise may be a more time efficient and sustainable alternative.

Thuy Nguyen Thi Minh received a medical degree from Hanoi Medical University in 1984, completed her PhD in 2004 and became an Associate Professor at Hanoi School of Public Health in 2010. She has worked in the disability and rehabilitation field in Vietnam since 80s with 20 Years of clinical experience as a rehabilitation doctor and 20 years working in disability supporting programs as researches and technical advisor. She received the Australian Endeavor Award and a Fulbright Fellowship Award. She has published more than 50 articles in ISSN domestic and international journals.

Background: An association between disabilities and late-life depression is often reported in cross-sectional studies. In Vietnam, there is a concern whether mental illness is a considerable health problem among Agent-Orange Victims with Disabilities (AOVWDs). Objective: Evaluate the level of depression and associated factors among AOVWDs in Quynh Phu district, Thai Binh province, Vietnam in 2012. Method: Cross-sectional matched-paired study, 166 AOVWDs and 166 control subjects (who were non-disabled and matched on age, sex and same residential area with the AOVWD respondents). Respondents were interviewed using Beck's Depression Inventory. The questionnaire focused on measuring the depression level of respondents within 4 weeks prior to the survey time. Multi-variable regression technique was used to measure the level of depression and significant covariate independent variables linked to depression. Results: AOVWDs had a significantly more pessimistic view of life and suffered from depression (p<0.001). Four out of five AOVWDs suffered from different levels of depression, ranging from minor to severe, while the figure for the control subjects was only about one out of five (p<0.001). In the multivariable analysis, the strongest and most significant predictors were: being AOVWDs, having a lower level of education, lower income, less social participation, and a poor reported health status. Recommendation: Mental health programs should pay closer attention to AOVWD group, especially to those living in the poor households, those with poor education and low income as well as those with a lower social participation. Program interventions should take into account social and economic inclusion of AOVWDs.

Dr. Yan Huang is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Health and Community Services at California State University, Chico. She received her Doctorate in Health Behavior with a minor in Inquiry Methodology from Indiana University-Bloomington. She also earned her Master's degree in International Health Policy and Management from Brandeis University. Dr. Huang has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals.

Objective: This proposed study is designed to examine the effect of acculturation on stress among Chinese students who are currently studying in US colleges or universities. Participants: Study participants will be conveniently recruited from Chinese international college students who are studying in four different universities located in California, U.S. Methods: Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Acculturation Scale will be used to measure acculturation. Perceived Stress Scale will be used to measure stress. Chi-square tests will be used to examine associations between the dependent variable and other categorical variables of interest in order to identify variables for logistic regression analyses. Conclusions: This proposed study will contribute to the literature by showing the effects of acculturation on Chinese students' stress level after they come to the U.S. This study can be used as an evidence for future intervention or prevention program focusing on Chinese or foreign students who are studying in the U.S.